A vaccine for human babesiosis: prospects and feasibility

Trends Parasitol. 2022 Oct;38(10):904-918. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.07.005. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Abstract

Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites. It is a well-known illness in companion animals and livestock, resulting in substantial economic losses in the cattle industry. Babesiosis is also recognized as an emerging zoonosis of humans in many countries worldwide. There is no vaccine against human babesiosis. Currently, preventive measures are focused on vector avoidance. Although not always effective, treatment includes antimicrobial therapy and exchange transfusion. In this review, we discuss the host's immune response to the parasite, vaccines being used to prevent babesiosis in animals, and lessons from malaria vaccine development efforts to inform the development of a human babesiosis vaccine. An effective human vaccine would be a significant advance towards curtailing this rapidly emerging disease.

Keywords: Babesia; babesiosis; human vaccine; immunity.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Babesia*
  • Babesiosis* / parasitology
  • Babesiosis* / prevention & control
  • Cattle
  • Cattle Diseases* / parasitology
  • Cattle Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Humans
  • Tick-Borne Diseases*
  • Vaccines*

Substances

  • Vaccines